Bilateral Varicocele Embolization

Varicoceles - Dr. Sandeep Sharma
Varicoceles are not life-threatening, however, they can be linked to serious illnesses in rare cases. If a varicocele arises on the right side of the abdomen rather than the left, for example, make sure there is no mass or other abnormalities in the abdomen that could be causing it. Blood is transported back to the heart via veins throughout the body. They usually feature valves to keep the blood flowing in the right way. When the valves in the testicular vein don't work properly, blood can pool in the scrotum, resulting in a varicocele. They commonly happen on the left side, and they're caused by the testicular vein's path through the abdomen. Varicocele is a frequent condition that is not hazardous. In fact, a varicocele affects 15% of all adult men. Many men's varicocele will go undiscovered for the rest of their lives or may create no complications at all. Varicoceles affect about 20% of teens, therefore a portion of them will most likely resolve on their own. The production of testosterone is virtually always affected by varicoceles. Many men with varicoceles, on the other hand, will be able to maintain adequate testosterone levels throughout their lifetimes without treatment. Varicocele, on the other hand, can cause severe low testosterone, which can lead to metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and osteoporosis, among other consequences.

 Varicoceles are most commonly discovered as a result of one of the following scenarios:-

 · It's most typically discovered in a male who is fully asymptomatic and is being screened for infertility.

· During a normal exam, the patient or a physician may notice a mass in the scrotum.

· A man may see a doctor complaining about scrotum pain.

 What is the Treatment for a Varicocele?

Small coils are inserted into a vein in the groin area and used to block the veins in the abdomen that supply the varicocele during varicocele embolization. Long-term success rates appear to be slightly lower than with open surgery, and treatment may require multiple procedures. However, because there is no incision, we frequently recommend this method for children. Furthermore, it is sometimes employed in patients who have had a previous surgical repair fail, who have pain as their primary reason for surgery, and who have bodily characteristics that make surgery riskier, such as excessive obesity.

A camera and small devices are placed into the belly during laparoscopic varicocele ligation, and the veins feeding the varicocele are snipped. Long-term success chances are also lower with this technique. Furthermore, while problems are uncommon, when they do occur, they can be significantly more dangerous than with other methods. Finally, this method has a greater rate of hydrocele (fluid collecting around the testis) after surgery.

Embolization has a 90 percent success rate, with roughly 10% of individuals who are successful seeing late recurrence. These outcomes are comparable to those obtained by more invasive surgical procedures. Varicocele embolization has been used for over 25 years and has a proven track record of long-term safety. Varicoceles are thought to be caused by faulty valves in the veins of the scrotum, which are located immediately above the testicles. These valves normally control the flow of blood to and from the testicles. Blood backs up when the regular flow is disrupted, causing veins to widen (enlarge). A particularly trained interventional radiologist in an interventional radiology suite or occasionally in the operating room performs image-guided, minimally invasive procedures like varicocele embolization.

 A catheter (a long, thin, hollow plastic tube) is introduced through the skin into the jugular or femoral veins (major blood vessels in the neck or groin) and navigated to the treatment location using image guidance.

Small amounts of x-ray dye (contrast) are injected into the veins so that the interventional radiologist can clearly see them on the x-ray and determine where to embolize, or block, the vein.

Surgical repair appears to have higher risks than varicocele embolization, with no clear advantage in terms of success rates, implying that embolization may be the preferred option for unilateral varicoceles in infertile men.

Dr. Sandeep Sharma is the best radiologist, knowing both suction and stent retrieval, and uses both techniques in a perfect way. 

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